Analytic Aspects of L-functions and Applications to Number Theory
Abstract:
Artin conjectured that each of his non-abelian L-series extends to an entire function if the associated Galois representation is nontrivial and irreducible. We will discuss the status of this conjecture and discuss briefly its relation to the Langlands program.
N.B. The audio introduction of this lecture has not been properly captured.
The quantification of uncertainty in large-scale scientific and engineering computations is rapidly emerging as a research area that poses some very challenging fundamental problems which go well beyond sensitivity analysis and associated small fluctuation theories. We want to understand complex systems that operate in regimes where small changes in parameters can lead to very different solutions. How are these regimes characterized? Can the small probabilities of large (possibly catastrophic) changes be calculated? These questions lead us into systemic risk analysis, that is, the calculation of probabilities that a large number of components in a complex, interconnected system will fail simultaneously.
I will give a brief overview of these problems and then discuss in some detail two model problems. One is a mean field model of interacting diffusion and the other a large deviation problem for conservation laws. The first is motivated by financial systems and the second by problems in combustion, but they are considerably simplified so as to carry out a mathematical analysis. The results do, however, give us insight into how to design numerical methods where detailed analysis is impossible.
As has been known since the time of Gromov's Nonsqueezing Theorem, symplectic embedding questions lie at the heart of symplectic geometry.
In the past few years we have gained significant new insight into the question of when there is a symplectic embedding of one basic geometric shape (such as a ball or ellipsoid)into another (such as an ellipsoid or torus). After a brief introduction to symplectic geometry, this talk will describe some of this progress, with particular emphasis on results in dimension four.
A Diophantine equation is an equation of the form $D(x_1,...,x_m)$ = 0, where D is a polynomial with integer coefficients. These equations were named after the Greek mathematician Diophantus who lived in the 3rd century A.D.
Hilbert's Tenth problem can be stated as follows:
Determination of the Solvability of a Diophantine Equation. Given a diophantine equation with any number of unknown quantities and with rational integral numerical coefficients, devise a process according to which it can be determined by a finite number of operations whether the equation is solvable in rational integers.
This lecture is part 4 of a series of 4.
N.B. This video was transferred from an old encoding of the original media. The audio and video quality may be lower than normal.
A Diophantine equation is an equation of the form $D(x_1,...,x_m)$ = 0, where D is a polynomial with integer coefficients. These equations were named after the Greek mathematician Diophantus who lived in the 3rd century A.D.
Hilbert's Tenth problem can be stated as follows:
Determination of the Solvability of a Diophantine Equation. Given a diophantine equation with any number of unknown quantities and with rational integral numerical coefficients, devise a process according to which it can be determined by a finite number of operations whether the equation is solvable in rational integers.
This lecture is part 3 of a series of 4.
N.B. This video was transferred from an old encoding of the original media. The audio and video quality may be lower than normal.
A Diophantine equation is an equation of the form $D(x_1,...,x_m)$ = 0, where D is a polynomial with integer coefficients. These equations were named after the Greek mathematician Diophantus who lived in the 3rd century A.D.
Hilbert's Tenth problem can be stated as follows:
Determination of the Solvability of a Diophantine Equation. Given a diophantine equation with any number of unknown quantities and with rational integral numerical coefficients, devise a process according to which it can be determined by a finite number of operations whether the equation is solvable in rational integers.
This lecture is part 2 of a series of 4.
N.B. This video was transferred from an old encoding of the original media. The audio and video quality may be lower than normal.
A Diophantine equation is an equation of the form $D(x_1,...,x_m)$ = 0, where D is a polynomial with integer coefficients. These equations were named after the Greek mathematician Diophantus who lived in the 3rd century A.D.
Hilbert's Tenth problem can be stated as follows:
Determination of the Solvability of a Diophantine Equation. Given a diophantine equation with any number of unknown quantities and with rational integral numerical coefficients, devise a process according to which it can be determined by a finite number of operations whether the equation is solvable in rational integers.
This lecture is part 1 of a series of 4.
N.B. This video was transferred from an old encoding of the original media. The audio and video quality may be lower than normal.
If X is a Riemannian manifold, the Laplacian is a second order elliptic operator on X. The hypoelliptic Laplacian L_b is an operator acting on the total space of the tangent bundle of X, that is supposed to interpolate between the elliptic Laplacian (when b -> 0) and the geodesic flow (when b -> \infty). Up to lower order terms, L_b is a weighted sum of the harmonic oscillator along the fibre TX and of the generator of the geodesic flow. In the talk, we will explain the underlying algebraic, analytic and probabilistic aspects of its construction, and outline some of the applications obtained so far.
The bar-cobar duality is playing a fundamental role in the Koszul duality for algebras and operads. We use Sweedler theory of measurings to reformulate and extend the duality.